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The Effects Of Caffeine On Animals Information
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The Effects Of Caffeine On Animals Information in Questions
HELP!!!! I am doing an experiment on the effect of caffeine on euglena's ability to form cysts.? Euglena is single-celled protist that can act as an animal or a plant but usually photosynthesizes. in my project i am adding caff to euglena. caff will probably cause euglena to CONTRACT. Recently i learned that caff can also cause euglena to form a cyst to protect itself if there was so much caff. Is CONTRACTING EUGLENA the same thing as CYSTED EUGLENA? b/c when i pix it shows the same thing: euglena in a very round shape (euglena is usually elongated) WHAT IS THE DIFF? is 1 just a contration euglena forms in its euglenoid movemnet & 1 actually is like a shield? my caff in ea. is 5mg, 10mg, and 16 mg. I will observe it under a microspoe and to test my hypothesis (more caff=more cysts or contracted forms) and i will count out of total euglena how many are in normal shape and how many are in constant contracted/cyst form. if u have info against/for my hypothesis please share. and I Still Need Tips on CAre for Euglena. Nutrients they need? they arnt alwys in light...THANKS:)

Richard replied: "Different species of Euglena react a little differently to changing conditions. I do not have web sites but rather some experience with several species. Contraction is a reaction to stress. The idea is to limit the surface area (become more like a sphere). Many chemicals and even physical conditions can cause contraction. Try putting a few (otherwise normal specimens) in the refrigerator to see pure contraction. The the stress is long term, the individual will become dormant. The shape is usually contracted, but in addition the cell wall is modified. This is the cyst form. You can actually see the wall thickening under a microscope. Your hypothesis and test seems sound. Have you thought about a pure deionized water comparison? There is not much to the care and feeding of Euglena. I have raised some with pure water and a pinch of plant fertilizer (Miracle Grow) in strong light. This works well. I used a small fish tank with a grow lamp. A goldfish bowl will work. Wild algae will compete. You can lessen the wild algae by using water with a few grains of cooked brown rice added. There is not much minerals for the algae, but the rice seems to contain everything that the Euglena need. I have also used mud-puddle water and "fed" them ground up goldfish food flakes. This with mixed results. Keeping the water warm, but not hot helps reproduction."

Questions about poison ivy and evolution? I just got poison ivy and it got me thinking: what were the evolutionary pressures to make plants poisonous to the touch? As far as I can tell humans are effected more by poison ivy than other animals (I'm basing this pretty much on dogs and cats). Also the rash doesn't appear right away so the only animal smart enough to make the connection between poison ivy and its rash is probably humans. I don't think keeping humans from touching it would have been strong enough pressure alone to cause the evolution of its poison. I think that the plant must smell bad or taste bad to keep other animals from eating it. So that leads to a few other questions. What happens if you eat poison ivy? And does the plant have a specific smell to it? Also I've heard that if you burn poison ivy and inhale the smoke it's really bad. Is that true? What happens to you? I'm bored and loaded with caffeine, hence the rambling. I'm going to a have to vote for no best answer. jonmcn49: I made the same argument in my question that you made in you answer. cody: check out this you tube link. novangelis: I know how to use Wikipedia Derail: I respect your answer because you actually put your own thoughts in it, but I couldn't bring myself to vote for it because of you comment: "maybe the Ivy we're familiar with now is not the final product, and is still developing in to something that will at some point provide a more rapid reaction to a threat." Evolution does not work towards an end result

jonmcn49 replied: "Why would animals eating poison ivy not make the connection? It is an evolved plant defense against being eaten."

cody replied: "evolution isnt real dumbssa"

novangelis replied: "Urushiol, the active compound in poison ivy can be carried in smoke. The compound is not intrinsically toxic, but interacts with many tissue types to produce an allergic response. Many people do not have responses. It appears to be an incidental reaction to the compound, and if it impacted survival, sensitive tissue types would fade from the population."

Derail replied: "Yeah, that's a good question, and I've wondered that myself. I too wouldn't think that the negative connection with poison Ivy is immediate enough to help with the survival of the plant. Think of this too - maybe the Ivy we're familiar with now is not the final product, and is still developing in to something that will at some point provide a more rapid reaction to a threat. Anyway, I do know that all plants produce a byproduct of metabolism, which is an acid. Mammals (including humans) do too, which is discarded in urine. Most plants leach the acid out through roots, leaves, or needles. But the Poison Ivy and Poison Oak, and others secrete the acid onto the leaves where it dries into crystals. When the crystals get in our skin they create an allergic histamine reaction. The crystals can remain active for a year on seasonal clothing and other items."

Is my Naruto OC a Mary Sue? I've taken countless Mary Sue litmus tests,but none that focus in OC's for this anime in particular.Quizilla.com offers some,but they are not as insightful as I'd like. My character info: Name: Mitsune Uchiha (Uses the name Tayumi Makane as a cover-up to avoid detection.) --Also,is NOT a legitimate Uchiha,as her parents are not both within the same clan,and therefore does not share direct blood relation to them.Last name passed on by father (deceased). --Is not considered a 'survivor' of the Uchiha Massacre because of this. --Has Sharingan but is reluctant to use it because it is unstable,and instead relies on other senses enhanced by special training,NOT as a result of the sharingan itself.Like Maito Gai,she is skilled in martial arts techniques,but also specializes in blood techniques/abilities,allowing her to clot blood to stop otherwise fatal wounds. This can be used as an offensive technique as well as one used to heal,and if used as the latter,is the ONLY type of medical jutsu she is capable of using. --This blood technique also allows her to transform into other species of animals AS LONG AS she has samples of their DNA on hand at the time to use for the transformation. --Fears: Snakes,Heights,Drowning,Food poisoning --Quirks: a)As a result of her fear for food poisoning,she only takes soldier pills,which supply her with whatever nutrience required. b)Hatred of snakes leads her to be wary or even spiteful of people such as Orochimaru,Anko,Sasuke,and Kabuto. c)Shares distinct loathing of Konoha (like Madara and--more recently,Sasuke) for what happened to the clan,as her parents were killed in the massacre that was allowed to take place.Likewise,she also detests rival clans that also held roots in the Konoha regions. d)She constantly keeps blood samples from cougars (mountain lions/pumas,etc.) on hand,so this is thought to be her default transformation. ffiliations: Konoha (begrudgingly,as it was her home of origin),Kirigakure (Mist Village;She fled here searching for a new start),Akatsuki. Likes: a)Fighting.Unlike most of her kind,she is the rebellious type that was often put on the front lines of ambush or suicide run missions because of her brash personality. b)Major supporter of the Akatsuki because of its close affiliation to Madara,who led the Uchiha clan.Likewise,although not considered pure-blood Uchiha,she is profusely loyal to that clan. c)Coffee and White Tea,neither of which she really should drink,as the caffeine in them takes a huge toll on her already energetic self,making her completely irritating to others nearby. d)Tobi (unaware of who he is as her story takes place before current manga) because altough wary of his feigned innocence,he and Deidara seem closest to her in terms of personality and the effects of caffeine and/or sugar. --She dies in current manga in the form of a cougar by taking a kunai to the head from an unnamed Konoha nin.

Valen replied: "If she is the same age as the main characters or a couple years apart then yes she is. I would still have to read some excerpts to fully determine if she is though. Your character seems fleshed out but seems way too powerful to have only lived as long as the others (if she is as old as the others.) You haven't said so if I was just reading this profile I would expect her to be either Kakashi's age or a little bit younger like mid-20s plus.If every character immediately likes her or they all slowly begin to love her she is a Mary-Sue. Plus how does she get the blood techniques? Almost all abilities can be specifically explained by chakras. If you just say oh it's something that was past on well who taught her how to use it? It takes a lot to make new characters that are not Mary-sues. You have to be a great story teller and make the character relate-able. If she is so cool and so great people won't be able to even see this personality as real and that is a mary-sue."

Mat of The RSPSOA replied: "Yes she is a Mary Sue. and here's the main reason: you made her into an Uchiha. All of the other Uchiha are supposed to massacred- but you somehow avoided that. You try to rationalize this by claiming that she was not a "legitimate Uchiha." But she has the last name. She has the Sharingan. She was loyal to the Uchiha clan. Heck, both her parents were considered to be "legitimate Uchila" enough to be killed in the massacre- but their offspring isn't? It seems like she's a full blooded member of the clan to me. I mean it's like you used the idea of her being illegitimate as a plot device to say your character could survive the massacre- but then completely forgot about this fact when you went on to make the rest of the characters history. Not only this, but you have a Uchiha character with TWO rather unique abilities on top of having an activated Sharingan. The first are her blood related abilities, and the second being her transformation abilities. You say that they are one in the same- but they are not. I concede that reading the DNA is a blood related ability, but being able to transform your body based on that DNA is something different altogether. In conclusion: So you are a legitimate Uchiha pretending to be illegitimate, and you have an active Sharingan plus two more unique and powerful powers. Yes, she is a Mary Sue."

help with this biology questions? 19 . Acetylcholinesterase is the enzyme that degrades acetylcholine. What effect on nerve transmission to a skeletal muscle would occur following the administration of a chemical that inhibited acetylcholinesterase? (28.8) [Hint] There would be no effect. Synaptic transmission would be prevented; muscle paralysis would occur. It would be identical to giving an anesthetic, but it would last permanently. Extra excitatory signals would occur in the muscle. The sending neuron would be inactivated. 20 . In humans, making more serotonin available to brain cells typically __________. (28.9) [Hint] increases the stimulatory effects of caffeine produces an effect on mood counteracts the effects of alcohol causes the heart to beat faster depresses the central nervous system 21 . Which would be present in an animal with a nerve net? (28.10) [Hint] bilateral symmetry neurons fused ganglia cephalization centralization 22 . The gray matter of the cerebral cortex, where most higher-level thinking occurs, is composed mostly of _____. (28.11) [Hint] nerve cell bodies and dendrites myelinated axons of neurons sensory neuron cell bodies Schwann cells motor neuron cell bodies 23 . Which of the following includes all the others? (28.12) [Hint] autonomic nervous system (ANS) motor division somatic nervous system peripheral nervous system (PNS) sensory division

syn4ps3s replied: "19. Extra excitatory signals would occur in the muscle. Explanation: If there is no enzyme to degrade Acetylcholine, it will continue to act on its receptors, causing spasms. 20. produces an effect on mood Explanation: Anti-depressant drugs, like Prozac, target the re uptake of serotonin. 21. neurons (?) Definitely not cephalization or bilateral symmetry, which are features of higher-level organisms. 22. nerve cell bodies and dendrites Explanation: Myelin is fatty, and looks white. Schwann cells make myelin in the PNS. Primary sensory and motor neuron cell bodies are not in the cerebral cortex. 23. peripheral nervous system Explanation: See image in wikipedia link listed below."

Treatment and concealer for under eye dark circles and bags that REALLY WORK? Conflicting information abounds: "Use tea bags with caffeine"; "make sure tea bags DON'T have caffeine"; "use products with Vitamin K"; "Vitamin K won't have much effect, Vitamin E does the trick", and on and on it goes. I'm 46 years old, and remember pictures from elementary school days where I had dark circles, so I guess that's mostly hereditary. (Although my sleep habits are atrocious, so I know this doesn't help either) The bags are a new addition over recent years. I first became aware of those while standing in a Steinmart. I caught a glimpse of myself in one of their mirrors and couldn't believe what I was seeing. I've tried a number of products every since then, as well as various types of concealer....I'm not seeing any real improvement though. I prefer skin care products and cosmetics that are all-natural, with no animal testing, but I realize it may take something more heavy-duty to get the results I'm after. Thanks!

Cat replied: "under eye circles are usually by genetics .treatment i would go a salon were there is a profesional skin care analyst esetician and they can give u an eyetreatment to help with it it can lemom purifying serum or it can be artichoke serum speak to them and they can help with the problem. u can use a light base conceler that is 1 shade lighter then ur skin shade that will cover the dark cirlcles if ths does not work go to a dermatoligist"

100PERCENTANGEL replied: "best products that i have tried - body shop, M.A.C best treatment - no need to be scientific here. ITS EZ. Sleep early and place cucumber on ur eyes."

prettypretty88 p replied: "There are many causes of dark circles, from age, heredity, allergies, cold or sinus infection, bone structure and glasses which are not so commonly known. If you would like to apply home remedies to reduce dark circles, here are some of my suggestions: Buy a box of regular, old fashioned unflavored gelatin (e.g. Knox) from grocery store. Take a small cup or bowl and put in 1 teaspoon of the gelatin mix. Add one tablespoon of boiling water & stir for a minute. Test it on your wrist to make sure it is not too hot. Then, using a cotton ball, pat it under your eyes as you would an eye cream or gel. Go lie down and listen to some music, or take a bath & let it stay on for at least 30 minutes. Then just rinse it off.Gelatin is very high in Vitamin K & Biotin. It will not remove your dark circles on the first application (but you will notice a difference), but if you do it daily for a week, and then 2-3 times a week for maintenance, you should notice a drastic reduction in dark circles. To hide dark circles, you can use YSL concealer or salmon concealer.. tips on how to reduce dark circles, the causes of dark circles, home remedies, eye creams reviews, make up tips, and natural healer. Cleanse Colon Blog writes about colon cleanse home remedies and review colon cleanse products."

Natural replied: "check the links below for natural homemade beauty tips to:--Dark circles / Puffiness / Eye bags--?cq=1&p=1 Makeup for dark circles --?cq=1&p=23"

Carob vs real chocolate? Due to a chronic stomach inflamation, I must avoid all caffeine completely. I have read that chocolate doesn't actually contain that much caffeine but instead a chemical that resembles caffeine (the one that is poisonous to animals) Anyway, this may sound stupid, but is carob totally safe for me to consume considering this? I'm well aware that it's completely different from chocolate, but I'd just like to be certain that I won't have any side effects similar to what chocolate does to me.

dickn2000a replied: "Carob is perfectly safe and in fact is used in many primitive cultures as a stomach ache remedy."

Hella replied: "Carob was eaten in Ancient Egypt. It was also a common sweetener and was used in the hieroglyph for "sweet" (nedjem). Dried carob fruit is traditionally eaten on the Jewish holiday of Tu Bishvat. Carob juice drinks are traditionally drunk during the Islamic month of Ramadan. Carob pods were the most important source of sugar before sugarcane and sugar beets became widely available. Nowadays, the seeds are processed for the use in cosmetics, curing tobacco, and making paper. No caffine whatsoever. regardsLhella"

Something to think about! So why not legalize it and make money, and stop terisom.? By Smokey, 5-05-06 (marijuana myths courtesy of twotonetony) MARIJUANA, MYTHS ABOUT MARIJUANA, AND OTHER NON-"STONER" REASONS THAT MARIJUANA SHOULD BE LEGALIZED. First of all, this is information on marijuana from a purely factual stand point, so even if you are against marijuana PLEASE READ THIS. there are too many ignorant people against marijuana...you dont have to smoke it to be for it's legalization. MARIJUANA MYTHS 1. Marijuana causes brain damage The most celebrated study that claims to show brain damage is the rhesus monkey study of Dr. Robert Heath, done in the late 1970s. This study was reviewed by a distinguished panel of scientists sponsored by the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences. Their results were published under the title, Marijuana and Health in 1982. Heath's work was sharply criticized for its insufficient sample size (only four monkeys), its failure to control experimental bias, and the misidentification of normal monkey brain structure as "damaged". Actual studies of human populations of marijuana users have shown no evidence of brain damage. For example, two studies from 1977, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) showed no evidence of brain damage in heavy users of marijuana. That same year, the American Medical Association (AMA) officially came out in favor of decriminalizing marijuana. That's not the sort of thing you'd expect if the AMA thought marijuana damaged the brain. 2. Marijuana damages the reproductive system This claim is based chiefly on the work of Dr. Gabriel Nahas, who experimented with tissue (cells) isolated in petri dishes, and the work of researchers who dosed animals with near-lethal amounts of cannabinoids (i.e., the intoxicating part of marijuana). Nahas' generalizations from his petri dishes to human beings have been rejected by the scientific community as being invalid. In the case of the animal experiments, the animals that survived their ordeal returned to normal within 30 days of the end of the experiment. Studies of actual human populations have failed to demonstrate that marijuana adversely affects the reproductive system. 3. Marijuana is a "gateway" drug -- it leads to hard drugs This is one of the more persistent myths. A real world example of what happens when marijuana is readily available can be found in Holland. The Dutch partially legalized marijuana in the 1970s. Since then, hard drug use -- heroin and cocaine -- have DECLINED substantially. If marijuana really were a gateway drug, one would have expected use of hard drugs to have gone up, not down. This apparent "negative gateway" effect has also been observed in the United States. Studies done in the early 1970s showed a negative correlation between use of marijuana and use of alcohol. A 1993 Rand Corporation study that compared drug use in states that had decriminalized marijuana versus those that had not, found that where marijuana was more available -- the states that had decriminalized -- hard drug abuse as measured by emergency room episodes decreased. In short, what science and actual experience tell us is that marijuana tends to substitute for the much more dangerous hard drugs like alcohol, cocaine, and heroin. 4. Marijuana suppresses the immune system Like the studies claiming to show damage to the reproductive system, this myth is based on studies where animals were given extremely high -- in many cases, near-lethal -- doses of cannabinoids. These results have never been duplicated in human beings. Interestingly, two studies done in 1978 and one done in 1988 showed that hashish and marijuana may have actually stimulated the immune system in the people studied. 5. Marijuana is much more dangerous than tobacco Smoked marijuana contains about the same amount of carcinogens as does an equivalent amount of tobacco. It should be remembered, however, that a heavy tobacco smoker consumes much more tobacco than a heavy marijuana smoker consumes marijuana. This is because smoked tobacco, with a 90% addiction rate, is the most addictive of all drugs while marijuana is less addictive than caffeine. Two other factors are important. The first is that paraphernalia laws directed against marijuana users make it difficult to smoke safely. These laws make water pipes and bongs, which filter some of the carcinogens out of the smoke, illegal and, hence, unavailable. The second is that, if marijuana were legal, it would be more economical to have cannabis drinks like bhang (a traditional drink in the Middle East) or tea which are totally non-carcinogenic. This is in stark contrast with "smokeless" tobacco products like snuff which can cause cancer of the mouth and throat. When all ofthese facts are taken together, it can be clearly seen that the reverse is true: marijuana is much SAFER than tobacco. 6. Legal marijuana would cause carnage on the highways Although marijuana, when used to intoxication, does impair performance in a manner similar to alcohol, actual studies of the effect of marijuana on the automobile accident rate suggest that it poses LESS of a hazard than alcohol. When a random sample of fatal accident victims was studied, it was initially found that marijuana was associated with RELATIVELY as many accidents as alcohol. In other words, the number of accident victims intoxicated on marijuana relative to the number of marijuana users in society gave a ratio similar to that for accident victims intoxicated on alcohol relative to the total number of alcohol users. However, a closer examination of the victims revealed that around 85% of the people intoxicated on marijuana WERE ALSO INTOXICATED ON ALCOHOL. For people only intoxicated on marijuana, the rate was much lower than for alcohol alone. This finding has been supported by other research using completely different methods. For example, an economic analysis of the effects of decriminalization on marijuana usage found that states that had reduced penalties for marijuana possession experienced a rise in marijuana use and a decline in alcohol use with the result that fatal highway accidents decreased. This would suggest that, far from causing "carnage", legal marijuana might actually save lives. 7. Marijuana "flattens" human brainwaves This is an out-and-out lie perpetrated by the Partnership for a Drug-Free America. A few years ago, they ran a TV ad that purported to show, first, a normal human brainwave, and second, a flat brainwave from a 14-year-old "on marijuana". When researchers called up the TV networks to complain about this commercial, the Partnership had to pull it from the air. It seems that the Partnership faked the flat "marijuana brainwave". In reality, marijuana has the effect of slightly INCREASING alpha wave activity. Alpha waves are associated with meditative and relaxed states which are, in turn, often associated with human creativity. 8. Marijuana is more potent today than in the past This myth is the result of bad data. The researchers who made the claim of increased potency used as their baseline the THC content of marijuana seized by police in the early 1970s. Poor storage of this marijuana in un-air conditioned evidence rooms caused it to deteriorate and decline in potency before any chemical assay was performed. Contemporaneous, independent assays of unseized "street" marijuana from the early 1970s showed a potency equivalent to that of modern "street" marijuana. Actually, the most potent form of this drug that was generally available was sold legally in the 1920s and 1930s by the pharmaceutical company Smith-Klein under the name, "American Cannabis". 9. Marijuana impairs short-term memory This is true but misleading. Any impairment of short-term memory disappears when one is no longer under the influence of marijuana. Often, the short-term memory effect is paired with a reference to Dr. Heath's poor rhesus monkeys to imply that the condition is permanent. 10. Marijuana lingers in the body like DDT This is also true but misleading. Cannabinoids are fat soluble as are innumerable nutrients and, yes, some poisons like DDT. For example, the essential nutrient, Vitamin A, is fat soluble but one never hears people who favor marijuana prohibition making this comparison. 11. There are over a thousand chemicals in marijuana smoke Again, true but misleading. The 31 August 1990 issue of the magazine Science notes that of the over 800 volatile chemicals present in roasted COFFEE, only 21 have actually been tested on animals and 16 of these cause cancer in rodents. Yet, coffee remains legal and is generally considered fairly safe. 12. No one has ever died of a marijuana overdose This is true. It was put in to see if you are paying attention. Animal tests have revealed that extremely high doses of cannabinoids are needed to have lethal effect. This has led scientists to conclude that the ratio of the amount of cannabinoids necessary to get a person intoxicated (i.e., stoned) relative to the amount necessary to kill them is 1 to 40,000. In other words, to overdose, you would have to consume 40,000 times as much marijuana as you needed to get stoned. In contrast, the ratio for alcohol varies between 1 to 4 and 1 to 10. It is easy to see how upwards of 5000 people die from alcohol overdoses every year and no one EVER dies of marijuana overdoses. This is what the government won't tell to us Americans. They are too stubborn to take back a law that has been in place for 69 years (Marijuana Tax Act of 1937). Along with making marijuana illegal, the government spends billions of dollars each year fighting the drug war to keep marijuana and other drugs out of this country. Now i would like you to think of one person in this country that is unable to obtain marijuana or any other drug. If marijuana was legal, it would be create a market in the USA and there would be no reason for drug smuggling. Because marijuana would then be contained in the USA and smuggling would no longer be a problem, the government could much more easily control the use of the substance. Since everyone would now be buying their marijuana from stores in the USA, there would be a tax on this creating billions more in revenue for the government to add on to the billions no longer being spent on the war against marijuana. A very high % of prisoners are non-violent drug offenders. With marijuana legalized, we wouldnt have to worry about drug dealers as much, which means less people going to prison, which in turn means more tax money to spend on something more important, like the HUGE deficit we have managed to create. Marijuana might be a harmful substance, but so are many other substances that are legal, many of which are much more harmful. Marijuana is actually EASIER to obtain because it is illegal and is costing us billions of dollars to make it easier, why would we want to do that? I hope you feel more informed after this. PLEASE REPOST THIS, whether you are for or against its legalization, people need to know the facts, not just that marijuana gets you high and screws up your life (which for the most part is not true). Also, tell everyone you know about these facts. Marijuana should be legal and the government will not do anything about it unless we stand up and voice the TRUTH I have noticed that alot of people have left a message. Saying people that do this are lazy and do not get anywhere in life. Tell that to the lawyers, Judges, and politions that are for it. and smoke it them selves. Am I wrong or do some people that abuse alcohol lazy to. Hell you can be lazy without doing any kind of drug. Saying everybody is lazy because they smoke, is being racist against the ones that are not lazy. Just like different cultures, I guess all white people are the same, Or all black people are the same. I guess sence some alcoholics get vilent when they drink then all people who drink are vilent. Does that make since, I dont think so. For those that are interested in the truth! check out>
Randy D replied: "And your question is??? God Bless you."

ascarta2 replied: "all I know is back when I used it I was lazy, missed class and didn't show up to work enough to keep a job, all my friends that still smoke still have this problem, so with that i have to be some what against legalizing weed."

anarchy4ever91 replied: "good facts,good message. ive supported this for a long time."

beerbohms replied: "We'll talk when you sober up, frat boy/sorrority girl."

kandaphati replied: "Propose this to your local government. If passed, make your government want to work toward WTO or FTA or whatever that will force this idea on OTHER countries to change their laws, BUT remember to save the right of processing the final products only exclusively for you either as an individual, a group, or a country, THEN you or your group or your country will be the only one controller of the whole world. I will see if this answer of mine will be reported or not. hehe..."

cat_Rett_98 replied: "In addition to making marijuana legal, All drugs should be made legal. Aside from the lies we have been told, the fact that ever since the war on drugs was started, use and addiction rates have shot through the roof, and the fact that the CIA is largest drug cartel in the world.... It's wrong. Prohibition is wrong. In the words of abraham lincoln: "Prohibition is wrong because it makes a crime of something which is not a crime." The war on drugs costs us so much in terms of money, lives, jail cells, violence and crime.... Most gangs monetary making staple is in dealing illegal drugs. make drugs legal, other people will legally sell drugs, cheaper than any gang ever could and of a higher quality... Boom They lose their money, they lose their funding and they fall apart. We would stop exporting money out of the U.S. into other countries for Cocaine, opium, heroin (Made using morphine, derived from opium.). We would eliminate the danger for children of living in a home with a methlab. Whats the point of making your own meth of terrible quality, when any user can just go to the drug bar and pick up some which is cleaner, thus safer and above all for their concern...cheaper. Drugs would become safer. A major cause of illicit drug deaths is in their impurity and what they are cut with. When someone O'D's on heroin it is often because they are used to getting say 20% pure heroin, then they get a bag of good heroin that happens to be...say 50 % pure...Suddenly their dose has more than doubled...Thats just begging for an overdose. Same deal for cocaine. Aside from all the economic, social and legal benefits of making drugs legal.... It's simply unamerican to tell people they can't get high. It's a violation of the basic idea of...Life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Me doing coke does not hurt you. If I smoke mad buds, It doesn't hurt you. If I inject heroin until my heart starts failing... congratulations, none of your business. I don't use coke. I don't use heroin. I don't use meth...In general I don't use any drugs excluding nicotine and caffeine. I just want america to be america again. Im tired of this BOO hooo hooo drugs are bad so no one can have them. By the same logic that drugs are illegal, we should have cars, bars, athletic events (they promote gambling) and hell while were at it anyone outside past 10 pm should be arrested. You could be hurt walking around in the dark...and a lot of crimes happen late at night."

Green tea vs. black tea, which is better for you? With milk or without? I just read an interesting article which I'll post here if Yahoo allows that many words. here goes: RealAge Tip A Brew That Prevents Parkinson’s? Tea time. What better way to give your body and mind a little breather? But if you choose a certain color of tea, you may really do your brain a favor. A large study in Singapore showed that black tea might have the power to slash Parkinson’s disease risk by almost a third. Hormone Helper? In the study, people who drank the most black tea were 29 percent less likely to develop Parkinson’s disease (PD), compared with the least enthusiastic black-tea drinkers. Although the researchers were poised to credit the caffeine in black tea for the benefit, it turned out not to be so. Instead, it may be that black tea somehow affects estrogen levels in a favorable anti-Parkinson’s way (the disease is less common in women than in men). Interestingly, green tea showed no protective effects against PD. But there are still plenty of reasons -- like these -- to sip green. More Tea-Time Extras There’s no shortage of other reasons to drink tea, including: A healthier heart. The brew is bursting with cardioprotective polyphenols. Just make sure to leave out the milk(see related article for justification) Black or green, tea is brimming with heart-healthy benefits. Compounds in green and black teas have a healthful impact on several markers of heart disease risk, but debate continues as to which kind of tea is healthiest. Recent research suggests it may be a dead heat. In a study, green and black tea appeared equally protective against fatty arterial plaque buildup. Black, oolong, and green teas are made from leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant. The difference between green and black tea is the level of oxidation the tea leaves experience during processing. The longer tea leaves experience oxidation, the darker they become. Research suggests oxidation levels probably have little influence over the amount of heart-healthy flavonoids different teas contain, although there may be some variation. A recent animal study suggests both green and black tea may produce similar improvements in blood vessel health. According to the researchers, the average 150-pound person would have to drink two 5-ounce cups of green or black tea daily to get heart-health benefits similar to those achieved in the animal study. Tea with milk vs. without: Drink Tea, Skip the Milk Milk can do your body good, but maybe not when it's in your tea. Women in a study who drank black tea had improved cardiovascular function -- but that protection vanished if they drank it with milk. Temper the taste of your black tea with lemons instead. Or sip it as the Chinese traditionally do: straight up. Researchers are not sure why milk may blunt tea's heart-healthy effects, but milk proteins called caseins are possible culprits. Tea is bursting with health-boosting polyphenols, but proteins have been shown to counteract them. In one study, when researchers added a small amount (10 percent) of milk to black tea, it reduced the tea's concentration of catechins -- polyphenols credited with giving tea its antioxidant punch as well as fighting heart disease and boosting weight loss. The study results may help explain, in part, why tea's heart benefits appear to be missing in the United Kingdom, where milk is usually added to the brew. It's not a done deal, however. Other studies have concluded that milk has no effect on tea's antioxidant powers. But the conflicting study results may simply be due to the way the scientists measured the good stuff in tea. In this recent study, researchers measured the effects of tea -- with and without milk -- on blood vessels in the cardiovascular system. Straight black tea helped blood vessels relax and widen, allowing blood to flow more freely. Tea with milk did not produce the same effect.

toughbuffkitty replied: "green tea is good for the heart, and black tea is good for your heart......all in all they are both really good for you...stick to green tea."

I heart beets replied: "green tea without milk"

jayjayji replied: "green tea is better for you. The less processing the tea goes through, the more benefits it has for the health. Black tea is left to oxidize more and some of the benefits are lost"

ańīMë ŁűɅɇʁ replied: "they both are equally healthy for you since they are good for your skin and they both contain antioxidents."

The weed debate ...lethal or not ? OK ... i keep asking this question and any answers i get point to pure bias .. I found these facts supporting majuwana being safe ... MARIJUANA MYTHS 1. Marijuana causes brain damage The most celebrated study that claims to show brain damage is the rhesus monkey study of Dr. Robert Heath, done in the late 1970s. This study was reviewed by a distinguished panel of scientists sponsored by the Institute of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences. Their results were published under the title, Marijuana and Health in 1982. Heath's work was sharply criticized for its insufficient sample size (only four monkeys), its failure to control experimental bias, and the misidentification of normal monkey brain structure as "damaged". Actual studies of human populations of marijuana users have shown no evidence of brain damage. For example, two studies from 1977, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) showed no evidence of brain damage in heavy users of marijuana. That same year, the American Medical Association (AMA) officially came out in favor of decriminalizing marijuana. That's not the sort of thing you'd expect if the AMA thought marijuana damaged the brain. 2. Marijuana damages the reproductive system This claim is based chiefly on the work of Dr. Gabriel Nahas, who experimented with tissue (cells) isolated in petri dishes, and the work of researchers who dosed animals with near-lethal amounts of cannabinoids (i.e., the intoxicating part of marijuana). Nahas' generalizations from his petri dishes to human beings have been rejected by the scientific community as being invalid. In the case of the animal experiments, the animals that survived their ordeal returned to normal within 30 days of the end of the experiment. Studies of actual human populations have failed to demonstrate that marijuana adversely affects the reproductive system. 3. Marijuana is a "gateway" drug-it leads to hard drugs This is one of the more persistent myths. A real world example of what happens when marijuana is readily available can be found in Holland. The Dutch partially legalized marijuana in the 1970s. Since then, hard drug use-heroin and cocaine-have DECLINED substantially. If marijuana really were a gateway drug, one would have expected use of hard drugs to have gone up, not down. This apparent "negative gateway" effect has also been observed in the United States. Studies done in the early 1970s showed a negative correlation between use of marijuana and use of alcohol. A 1993 Rand Corporation study that compared drug use in states that had decriminalized marijuana versus those that had not, found that where marijuana was more available-the states that had decriminalized-hard drug abuse as measured by emergency room episodes decreased. In short, what science and actual experience tell us is that marijuana tends to substitute for the much more dangerous hard drugs like alcohol, cocaine, and heroin. 4. Marijuana suppresses the immune system Like the studies claiming to show damage to the reproductive system, this myth is based on studies where animals were given extremely high-in many cases, near-lethal-doses of cannabinoids. These results have never been duplicated in human beings. Interestingly, two studies done in 1978 and one done in 1988 showed that hashish and marijuana may have actually stimulated the immune system in the people studied. 5. Marijuana is much more dangerous than tobacco Smoked marijuana contains about the same amount of carcinogens as does an equivalent amount of tobacco. It should be remembered, however, that a heavy tobacco smoker consumes much more tobacco than a heavy marijuana smoker consumes marijuana. This is because smoked tobacco, with a 90% addiction rate, is the most addictive of all drugs while marijuana is less addictive than caffeine. Two other factors are important. The first is that paraphernalia laws directed against marijuana users make it difficult to smoke safely. These laws make water pipes and bongs, which filter some of the carcinogens out of the smoke, illegal and, hence, unavailable. The second is that, if marijuana were legal, it would be more economical to have cannabis drinks like bhang (a traditional drink in the Middle East) or tea which are totally non-carcinogenic. This is in stark contrast with "smokeless" tobacco products like snuff which can cause cancer of the mouth and throat. When all of these facts are taken together, it can be clearly seen that the reverse is true: marijuana is much SAFER than tobacco. 6. Legal marijuana would cause carnage on the highways Although marijuana, when used to intoxication, does impair performance in a manner similar to alcohol, actual studies of the effect of marijuana on the automobile accident rate suggest that it poses LESS of a hazard than alcohol. When a random sample of fatal accident victims was studied, it was initially found that marijuana was associat 7. Marijuana "flattens" human brainwaves This is an out-and-out lie perpetrated by the Partnership for a Drug-Free America. A few years ago, they ran a TV ad that purported to show, first, a normal human brainwave, and second, a flat brainwave from a 14-year-old "on marijuana". When researchers called up the TV networks to complain about this commercial, the Partnership had to pull it from the air. It seems that the Partnership faked the flat "marijuana brainwave". In reality, marijuana has the effect of slightly INCREASING alpha wave activity. Alpha waves are associated with meditative and relaxed states which are, in turn, often associated with human creativity. ok i want to know everythin there is to know ... Biological damage ..if any (all details) Dangerous amounts of the drug ? smoking once a week for a year ? i want non bias answers It's a debate of weed .. and a question that has puzzled me since 1880 :P

wild thing replied: "go smoke a doobie"

Positive Vibrations replied: "marijuana has infinite medicinal value and I honestly believe there are no negatives to smoking it...NO ONE EVER, in the history of mankind has died from smoking marijuana and people have been smoking it for thousands of years. Remember though, moderation is key. Its only bad when you let it rule your life. -Oh and if you watched the documentary "Super High Me" it showed that after smoking marijuana Doug Benson actually had a higher sperm count :|"

pat d replied: "I've had 6 kids-all basically healthy/normal.Didn't effect my reproductive system at all. I don't feel like I HAVE to smoke weed. But I feel like I HAVE to smoke a cigarette. Any drugs I tried were out of pier pressure and curiosity."

CS replied: "Partnership for a Drug Free America is funded by...guess who? The tobacco and liquor industries!! That fact alone should tell you the real story. In the often cited monkey study, it was later shown that the animals involved were cruelly suffocated with smoke. Suffocation results in oxygen deprivation and THAT causes brain damage. In this country, the only studies allowed are those that try to prove the dangers of the plant and the only cannabis allowed for the studies is government grown and sub-par. Recent studies to prove cancer causing effects of the weed resulted in exactly the opposite finding: marijuana seems to have a protective effect against some cancers, and also seems to promote the growth of brain cells. Needless to say, the results were mostly suppressed. Other countries with more open minds have conducted studies in recent years that show many benefits of the plant. It has been known for many years that it is virtually impossible to OD on cannabis. The entire drug war as waged against cannabis is based on falsehoods and misinformation, aka: propaganda."

Asalam w.do u know how fasting can actually improve your health? I read this article and it helped me learn what are the ways that fasting can improve someones health.Also on tv the sheik advises anyone with any health problem like high blood pressure ,diabetes,cholestrol to fast even during the fitr days . 1. Attitude About Juice Fasting: One key to juice fasting over water fasting is the ability to prevent ketosis (disrupted carbohydrate metabolism in response to chronic starvation) by continuously providing simple carbohydrates that are used by your body for energy and nutrition to the cells. Some individuals, however, believe that carb overload is the reason why Americans are fat. 2. Attitude about Skipping Meals: One study suggests that skipping a meal occasionally is not all that bad, especially if weight loss is a goal. However, be aware of changes in metabolic rate (see below). 3. Autonomic Nervous System: According to this article, fasting appears to have a normalizing effect on the overall tone of the autonomic nervous system. This normalization decreases possibilities for a number of issues ranging from digestive disturbances to anxiety disorders. 4. Awareness: Fasting can heighten awareness, depending upon the health of the individual, the goal for fasting and the ability to eliminate toxins from the system. 5. Back Pain: Back pains caused by muscular tightness and stress rather than from bone disease or osteoporosis may be alleviated with a lighter diet or juice fasting. 6. Bad Health Habits: In some people, fasting has helped break cravings for alcohol, tobacco, caffeine and some drug addictions. 7. Blood Pressure: Water fasting may correct your high blood pressure to a safe range within two weeks without drugs. This level of pressure can be maintained if the diet is changed rather than going back to old eating habits. This study was conducted in a controlled setting. 8. Cell Proliferation: This study, done on mice, showed that intermittent fasting slowed cell production, which also showed cancer development. Slowing down the rate of cell proliferation essentially buys time for the cells to repair genetic damage that may cause cancer. 9. Cholesterol: One study about a 30-day Muslim fast showed significant decrease in LDL (”bad” cholesterol), total serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides at the end of the fasting period. There also was a significant increase in “good” cholesterol (HDL) that showed at the end of the fast and continued to show for one month after the fast. 10. Chronic cardiovascular disease and congestive heart failure: Fasting can reduce triglycerides, atheromas, total cholesterol and may increase HDL levels. 11. Energy Flow: Through this logic, fasting enables the body to slow down to the point where the individual can listen to the body through the mind. This ‘vital force’ is clouded when the body is filled with toxins. However, one study with flies showed that the value of diminished appetite to an animal’s survival may vary with the infecting microbe. 12. Fat Mobilization [PDF]: Fasting may move the body to mobilize fat stores from adipose tissue (the fat under your skin) to consume that fat as energy. Short fasts also may protect proteins in your body with the release of a growth hormone. 13. Heart Health: The day-long, once-a-month fast many Mormons undertake as a part of their faith may help explain the lower rates of coronary artery disease in this population, according to a study presented at the American Heart Assn.’s scientific sessions in Orlando, Florida, in 2007. 14. Homeostasis: Basically, your metabolic equilibrium, or ability to heal, could undergo a change during fasting. When fasting is employed as a therapeutic measure, it changes the playing field for disease and infection. This article quotes Louis Pasteur, “The pathogen is nothing, the terrain is everything” for an argument on why fasting can be used as a cure for injury or disease. 15. Insulin and Blood Sugars: A study from the National Institute on Aging found that skipping meals frequently can help mice maintain healthier glucose and insulin levels. The study provides insight into the possible effect of fasting on glucose metabolism. 16. Life Span: The point behind this list of articles and studies is that caloric reduction, overall, is one way to increase a life span. Lower metabolic rates, slower cell proliferation and less body fat that holds toxic matter all lead to a healthier life. This translates, for many people, into a longer life. 17. Lifestyle: If you want to change your life to feel healthier and more productive, this author believes that fasting provides the pivot for that change. 18. Mental Alertness: When toxins are removed from the lymphatic and blood systems, this change improves mental clarity. Eating less also results in energy conservation, which can be used by the brain for thinking tasks. 19. Metabolism: While many people believe that a fast metabolism is key to weight loss, ramadan kareem>
BATMAN replied: "And where's the proof for all this ? And who's the dude who wrote this ?"

addy :) replied: "Thanks for the info :) my parents have always told me the same things!"

ahmad replied: "Ramadan Mubarak........ thanks for the info.......... @ batman, it doesn't need proving, medicine proves it ask doctors & they will say that too... it relaxes the stomach. actually fasting is in all religions, not only islam.... the other prophets did it, just the months or day was different...."

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